Logistics coordination, quality control, simulation, human factors, and economics are all part of industrial engineering. Often industrial engineers focus on enhancing the effectiveness of technological and logistics systems by gathering, structuring, and managing information. Industrial engineers apply their knowledge not only in industry, but also in government, health care, transportation, and many service industries.

Mechanical engineers are engaged in many facets of product and system realization ranging from concept design to production. Along with industrial engineers, they usually determine what gets made and how. Their task is to integrate aspects of mechanical engineering including design, energy, materials, and controls to deliver cost-effective, high-quality products. Like industrial engineers, mechanical engineers work in a wide variety of industries and in many types of organizations. Both are employed not only as engineering professionals but also as technical and corporate managers.